论文部分内容阅读
在大田条件下,以普通杂交早稻(荣优9号和五丰优623)为对照,设置5个氮肥水平(分别施N 0、135、165、195和225 kg/hm2),比较研究了超级杂交早稻(金优458、春光1号、03优66、淦鑫203)氮肥群体最高生产力及其群体特征。结果表明,1)除普通杂交早稻品种和个别超级稻品种(03优66)在165 kg/hm2水平外,其他超级早稻品种均在195 kg/hm2水平下产量达到最高(即表现氮肥群体最高生产力)。超级杂交早稻较普通杂交早稻产量平均增加8.42%,穗数增加10.67%,穗粒数增加13.96%,群体颖花量大是超级杂交早稻生产力提高的主要原因。2)在各品种的最高生产力条件下,与普通杂交早稻相比,超级杂交早稻各生育时期(有效分蘖临界叶龄期除外)的群体叶面积指数均显著提高,且抽穗后群体叶面积指数下降缓慢,群体光合势提高9.00%,从而显著增加了生育中后期的干物质积累量。3)超级杂交早稻氮素吸收总量达182.62(167.53～191.72)kg/hm2,较普通杂交早稻增加20.02%,其中拔节～抽穗期增加30.09%,抽穗～成熟期增加28.92%。与普通杂交早稻相比,超级杂交早稻的氮素农学利用率和生理利用率均明显提高,而氮素吸收利用率和氮素偏生产力却有所降低。
Under the field conditions, five nitrogenous fertilizers (N 0, 135, 165, 195 and 225 kg / hm2, respectively) were set up with normal early hybrid rice (Rongyou 9 and Wufengyou 623) as control. The highest productivity and its population characteristics of early hybrid rice (Jinyou 458, Chunuang 1, 03you 66, Ganxin 203). The results showed that: 1) The yield of other super early rice varieties reached the highest at the level of 195 kg / hm2 except for the normal early hybrid rice varieties and the individual super hybrid rice varieties (03 and 66) at the level of 165 kg / hm2 ). The average yield of early hybrid rice increased 8.42%, the number of panicle increased 10.67% and the number of spikelets per plant increased 13.96%. The main reason for the increase of productivity was the large population of spikelet. 2) Compared with the normal early hybrid rice, the leaf area index of super hybrid early rice at all growth stages (except for the critical tillering stage of effective tillering) increased significantly under the highest productivity of all varieties, and the leaf area index decreased after heading Slowly, the population photosynthetic potential increased by 9.00%, which significantly increased the amount of dry matter in the later growth period. 3) The total N uptake of super hybrid rice reached 182.62 (167.53-191.72) kg / hm2, which increased 20.02% compared with that of normal early hybrid rice, in which the percentage of jointing to heading increased 30.09% and the heading to maturity increased 28.92%. Compared with the normal hybrid rice, the NUE and physiological utilization rate of super hybrid rice increased significantly, but the N absorption efficiency and N partial yield decreased.