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为了更好地了解北暖温带落叶阔叶林凋落物养分特征及土壤肥力的状况,本研究在天津八仙山国家级自然保护区阳坡、山脊和阴坡3种典型立地条件下分别设置1 hm2样地,进行了每木调查并分析了凋落物养分特征及土壤肥力。结果发现:在3个样地中阳坡样地树木个体数和物种丰富度均最大,而个体数最小的是山脊样地,物种丰富度最小的是阴坡样地。立木材积则以山脊样地为最大,阳坡样地较小,阴坡样地最小。3个样地阳坡样地凋落物蓄积量(37.21 t·hm~(-2))显著大于山脊样地(26.79 t·hm~(-2))和阴坡样地(23.87 t·hm~(-2))。3个样地中阳坡样地凋落物碳、氮含量最高,而其土壤碳、氮含量最低。凋落物8种矿质元素(Ca、K、Fe、Mg、Na、Mn、Zn、Cu)总含量:阳坡样地>山脊样地>阴坡样地。通过因子分析对18个土壤肥力指标进行综合评价,发现:山脊样地(0.350)>阴坡样地(0.091)>阳坡样地(-0.491),说明3个样地中山脊样地土壤肥力较好,阴坡样地次之,阳坡样地较差。
In order to better understand the nutrient characteristics of litter and soil fertility in deciduous broad-leaved forest in the north of China, three typical sites of sunny, mountain ridges and shady slopes of Baxianshan National Nature Reserve in Tianjin were used to set up 1 hm2 The plots were surveyed and analyzed for litter nutrient characteristics and soil fertility for each plot. The results showed that in the three sample plots, the number of individuals and the species richness of the trees in the sunny slope were the largest, while the smallest individuals were the ridge-like plots. The smallest species richness was the shady slope plots. Standing timber area is the ridge-like land for the largest, smaller sunny plot, shady plots the smallest. The litterfall accumulation in the three plots (37.21 t · hm -2) was significantly higher than that in the ridge-like plots (26.79 t · hm -2) and shady slope (23.87 t · hm -2) (-2)). The litter of litter in the three plots showed the highest content of carbon and nitrogen while the lowest content of soil carbon and nitrogen. The total content of eight mineral elements (Ca, K, Fe, Mg, Na, Mn, Zn, Cu) in litter: sunny slope sample> ridge sample> Through comprehensive analysis of 18 soil fertility indicators by factor analysis, it was found that: Ridge-like land (0.350)> Shady slope land (0.091)> Yang slope plot (-0.491) Better, followed by shady slope, sunny plot worse.