Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19),it has rapidly spread to 187 countries,causing serious harm to the health ofpeople and a huge social burden.However,currently,drugs specifically approved for clinical use are not available,except for vaccines against COVID-19 that are being evaluated.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is capable of performing syndrome differentiation and treatment according to the clinical manifestations of patients,and has a better ability of epidemic prevention and control.The authors comprehensively analyzed the etiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19 based on the theory of TCM,and discussed its syndrome differentiation,treatment and prevention measures so as to provide strategies and reference for the prevention and treatment with TCM.