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在日本,少年非行是指14岁以上20岁未满少年的犯罪行为、14岁未满少年的触法行为以及虞犯等三方面的总称,主要由《少年法》及《儿童福祉法》等法律予以规制。《少年法》以少年的人权保障和健康成长为目的、以保护主义的社会复归为理念,与《儿童福祉法》等共同构成非行少年的法律保护体系。家庭裁判所以少年事件为主要审理对象、以保护处分为主要处罚手段,与社会福祉性质的儿童相谈所共同担负起日本的少年保护事业。官民协动与社会参与制度是对我们的最大的启示,我国要进一步加强少年保护理念的转变,完善我国的少年保护体制,将其建设成为全民参与的社会事业。
In Japan, adolescent non-compliance refers to crimes committed by juveniles aged over 14 and juveniles aged up to 14 and juvenile delinquency of 14 years old, as well as crimes committed by criminals. It is mainly governed by such laws as the Juvenile Law and the Child Welfare Act Regulation. The “Juvenile Law” aims at protecting the rights and healthy growth of juveniles, adopting the concept of social reintegration of protectionism and jointly forming the legal protection system for juvenile delinquents with the “Child Welfare Law.” The family referees regard juvenile incidents as the main subject of investigation and take protection and punishment as the main means of punishment. They jointly hold the cause of juvenile protection in Japan in consultation with children of social well-being. The government-civilian linkage and the system of social participation are the greatest enlightenment to us. China should further strengthen the transformation of the concept of juvenile protection, perfect the juvenile protection system in our country and build it into a social undertaking with participation of the whole people.