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商代社会性别制度开始萌芽,尤其就婚姻制度来说,与文明社会、父系社会相对应的是个体婚制即一夫一妻制的婚姻关系,也就是说从脱离野蛮进入夏商文明社会以后,我国历史就理应步入一夫一妻婚制的形态,而事实上现实情况要复杂得多。本文试图从甲骨卜辞、亲属称谓和墓葬形制中分析殷商时期的婚姻伦理文化,并探讨嫡庶妻制、媵婚制等早期中国婚姻文化特征,以此分析早期婚姻伦理文化中女性的生存状态。
In the Shang Dynasty, the gender system began to sprout, especially for the marriage system, which corresponds to the civilized society and the patriarchal society, which is the monogamous marriage, that is to say, monogamous marriage. That is to say, from the brutal entry into the Xia merchants’ civilized society, The history of our country should go into the monogamous marriage system. In fact, the reality is much more complex. This essay attempts to analyze the ethics of marriage during the Shang dynasty from the inscriptions of Oracle, relatives and tombs, and discusses the characteristics of early marriage in China, such as concubinage and widowhood, so as to analyze the existence of women in the early marriage ethic culture .