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目的 探讨洪涝灾害期间 ,自然因素与社会因素的改变对钩端螺旋体病的流行与控制造成的影响。方法 运用流行病学、病原学、血清学方法 ,对钩体病进行监测。结果 通过对灾区连续四年的钩体病监测表明 :洪灾期间 ,鼠密度增高 ,达 12 .10 %以上 ;自然人群隐性感染率高 ,为13.49% ;灾后主要传染源猪的感染率高达 10 .92 % ;疫情虽未明显上升 ,但存在漏诊漏报现象 ;另外 ,在多年未报病的地区 ,亦发现钩体病疫源地。结论 洪涝灾害增加了钩体病疫源地的强度 ;增加了人与动物感染的危险因素 ;为做到灾后无大疫 ,应及时进行监测与控制。
Objective To investigate the influence of natural and social factors on the prevalence and control of leptospirosis during flood disasters. Methods Epidemiology, etiology and serological methods were used to monitor leptospirosis. Results The surveillance of leptospirosis in the affected area for four consecutive years showed that during the flood period, the density of rats increased by more than 12.10%; the latent infection rate of natural population was high (13.49%); the infection rate of the main source pigs after the disaster was as high as 10 .92%. Although there was no obvious increase in the outbreak, there was a misdiagnosis and omission of false positives. In addition, in areas where the disease has not been reported for many years, the source of leptospirosis was also found. Conclusions Flooding increased the intensity of the epidemic area of Leptospira; increased the risk factors of human and animal infection; and in order to prevent the occurrence of severe epidemic, it should be timely monitored and controlled.