个体识别自己的面孔要经历一个从即时到延时再认的发展过程,这个发展过程也是与自我觉知的发展相联系的。正常个体在具备自我面孔再认能力后,才逐渐发展出其他各种高级心理能力。一些在自我面孔再认方面存在障碍的个体则会存在其他心理能力的受损。一般人都具有自我面孔再认优势,即能更快更准确地识别自我面孔,但这种优势效应受到具体情境、社会互动以及文化等因素的影响。自我提升动机也会影响人们的自我面孔再认,如认为更具吸引力、更值得信赖的面孔是自己的本来面目或者更像自己。本文在总结前人研究结果的基础上,对将来的研究方向进行了展望。 Individuals identify their own faces go through a development process from immediate to delayed recognition, this development process is also associated with the development of self-awareness. Normal individuals have their own face recognition ability, and gradually developed a variety of other advanced psychological ability. Some individuals who have barriers to self-recognition of their faces may suffer from other psychological abilities. Most people have the self-recognition of their own faces, which can identify self-face more quickly and accurately, but such advantages are influenced by the specific situation, social interaction and culture. Self-improvement motivations can also affect people’s self-recognition, such as their more authentic and self-perceived faces, or more like themselves. On the basis of summarizing the results of previous studies, this article makes a prospect of future research directions.