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目前学界对我国小学生灾难教育缺乏专项研究。基于全国性问卷调研数据,利用orderedprobit回归模型对我国小学生社会灾难技能影响因素进行微观实证分析,分析了个人、家庭、学校、社会四个层面中的11种因素的影响作用。研究发现,学校教育、家庭教育、社区教育、媒体教育、自我教育五种因素对我国小学生社会灾难技能的掌握呈显著正向影响;小学生社会灾难技能存在性别和城乡差异。我国应构建政府主导下的学校、家庭、社区、媒体、自我五种教育协同作用的小学生灾难教育体系;依据小学生的性别及城乡差异,开展针对性教育。
At present, academia lacks a special study on the disaster education of pupils in our country. Based on the national questionnaire survey data, we use the orderedprobit regression model to make a micro-empirical analysis of the impact factors of social disaster skills among primary school students in our country, and analyze the influence of 11 factors among individuals, families, schools and the society. The study found that five factors, school education, family education, community education, media education and self-education, have a significant positive influence on the mastery of social disaster skills of pupils in China. There are gender differences and urban-rural differences in social disasters skills among pupils. China should build a disaster-oriented education system for primary school students under the government-led school, family, community, media and self with five kinds of education synergies; and conduct targeted education based on the differences of pupils’ gender and urban-rural differences.