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采用室内人工饲养,研究了温度对外来入侵无锡地区的桔小实蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis)发育的影响。结果表明:17℃～33℃桔小实蝇各虫态发育速率逐渐增加;通过直线回归模型与直接最优法,得出桔小实蝇从卵期到成虫期的发育起点温度为9.9℃,卵、幼虫和蛹发育所需温度分别为10.5℃、9.6℃和10.3℃;卵期发育到成虫期的有效积温为381.0d.℃,卵期、幼虫期和蛹期分别为24.1、178.6和176.7d.℃。此外,温度影响桔小实蝇各虫态的存活率;25℃下卵期的存活率最高,而17℃下蛹期的存活率最低。温度对桔小实蝇雌雄性比也有一定影响,以25℃下雌虫比率最高。
The effects of temperature on the development of Bactrocera dorsalis from a non-invasive area in Wuxi of China were investigated using indoor artificial feeding. The results showed that the developmental rates of each stage were increased gradually from 17 ℃ to 33 ℃. The linear regression model and direct optimal method were used to determine the developmental starting temperature of the fruit fly from egg stage to adult stage. The temperatures required for egg, larvae and pupa development were 10.5 ℃, 9.6 ℃ and 10.3 ℃, respectively. The effective accumulated temperature during the development from egg stage to adult stage was 381.0d ℃. The egg, larva and pupal stages were 24.1,178.6 and 176.7 d. ° C. In addition, the temperature affected the survival rate of each stage of the orange fruit flies; the highest survival rate was at 25 ℃, while the lowest at 17 ℃. The temperature also had a certain effect on the male-male ratio of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, with the highest females ratio at 25 ℃.