Thrombocytopenia is a common complication of critical care patients.The rates of bleeding events and mortality are also significantly increased in critical care patients with thrombocytopenia.Therefore,the Critical Care Medicine Committee of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) worked with Chinese Society of Laboratory Medicine,Chinese Medical Association to develop this consensus to provide guidance for clinical practice.The consensus includes five sections and 27 items: the definition of thrombocytopenia,etiology and pathophysiology,diagnosis and differential diagnosis,treatment and prevention.