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目的了解衢州市实现消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后人群碘营养状况,为科学防治碘缺乏病提供科学依据。方法 2014年在衢州市以县(市、区)为单位,全市6个县(市、区)均按东、南、西、北、中随机抽取5个乡镇,每个乡镇随机抽取4个村,每个村抽取15户居民食用盐,采用碘酸钾直接滴定法检测盐碘。在抽取的5个乡镇中随机选取当地的8~10岁小学生作为调查点进行,抽取两个乡镇采用B超仪检查甲状腺肿(检查110例),其他乡镇采用普通触诊检查(检查1 160例)。从抽取的学生中选取一半学生进行尿碘测定,在采用B超仪测定儿童甲状腺的点选取40例孕妇进行尿碘测定。结果碘盐监测1 800份,中位数26.70 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率达到98.73%,合格碘盐食用率93.56%。病情监测中B超法检出甲状腺肿大率为7.27%,显著高于普通触诊法(0.43%,χ~2=46.42,P=0.000);学生尿碘共监测863份,中位数213μg/L,根据WHO、联合国国际儿童基金会和国际控制碘缺乏病理事会推荐的流行病学原则判定标准,处于超过适宜范围水平;全市孕妇采样40份,尿碘中位数为147.64μg/L,依据WHO提出的标准,孕妇的碘营养状况处于碘缺乏的边缘。结论衢州市居民碘营养水平总体上处于超适宜范围,应加强对不同人群采用不同的补碘相结合的科学补碘方式。
Objective To understand the status of iodine nutrition in population in Quzhou city after eliminating the target of iodine deficiency disorders and to provide a scientific basis for scientific prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In 2014, in Quzhou City, counties (cities and districts) were taken as their units. Five townships were randomly selected from six counties (cities and districts) in the east, south, west, north and north. Four villages were randomly selected from each township , Each village draws 15 households salt consumption, the use of potassium iodate direct titration salt iodine. In the extracted five towns randomly selected local 8 to 10-year-old primary school students as a survey point, the extraction of two towns using the B-meter to check goiter (check 110 cases), other towns using ordinary palpation (check 1 160 cases ). Half of the students were selected for urinary iodine determination, and 40 pregnant women were selected for urinary iodine determination at the point of children’s thyroid gland measured by B-ultrasonic instrument. Results 1 800 iodized salt monitoring, median 26.70 mg / kg, iodized salt coverage reached 98.73%, 93.56% qualified iodized salt rate. The detection rate of thyroid goiter in the condition monitoring was 7.27% by B-mode ultrasonography, which was significantly higher than that by ordinary palpation (0.43%, χ ~ 2 = 46.42, P = 0.000) / L, according to WHO, the United Nations International Children’s Fund and the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency of the epidemiological principles recommended standards in excess of the appropriate range of levels; the city’s pregnant women sampled 40, the median urinary iodine was 147.64μg / L According to the criteria proposed by WHO, the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women is on the edge of iodine deficiency. Conclusion The iodine nutrition of residents in Quzhou City is generally in the ultra-suitable range. It is necessary to strengthen the scientific method of iodine supplementation by using different iodine supplements in different populations.