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为比较生化抑制剂组合对土壤氮素转化的抑制效果,揭示不同土壤温度和含水量互作对尿素水解抑制效应的影响。该文采用室内模拟培养方法,研究土壤含水量(60%和80%田间最大持水量,water holding capacity,WHC)和土壤温度(15、25和35℃)互作对生化抑制组合[N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺(N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide,NBPT)、N-丙基硫代磷酰三胺(N-(n-propyl)thiophosphoric triamide,NPPT)和2-氯-6(三氯甲基)吡啶(2-chloro-6(trichloromethyl)pyridine,CP)在黄泥田土壤中抑制氮素转化效果的影响。结果表明:土壤温度和含水量对生化抑制组合在黄泥田土壤中抑制尿素水解效应显著,以土壤温度影响更大。随着土壤温度增加,尿素水解转化增强,有效作用时间降低,硝化作用增强,脲酶和硝化抑制效应减弱;随着土壤含水量降低,尿素水解转化缓慢,有效作用时间延长,硝化作用减弱,脲酶和硝化抑制效应增强。不同土壤温度和含水量条件下,NBPT/NPPT或配施CP处理有效抑制黄泥田土壤脲酶活性,延缓尿素水解;CP或配施NBPT/NPPT处理有效抑制NH4+-N向NO_3~--N转化,保持土壤中较高NH_4~+-N含量长时间存在。新型脲酶抑制剂NPPT单独施用及与CP配施的土壤尿素水解抑制效果与NBPT相似。黄泥田土壤中生化抑制组合应用最佳的土壤温度和含水量分别为25℃和60%WHC。总之,针对不同土壤温度和含水量条件,在黄泥田土壤中应采用脲酶抑制剂与硝化抑制剂相结合的施肥方式。
In order to compare the inhibitory effect of biochemical inhibitor combination on soil nitrogen conversion, the effect of different soil temperature and water content on urea hydrolysis inhibition was revealed. In this paper, we studied the effects of soil moisture (60% and 80% field water holding capacity, WHC) and soil temperature (15, 25 and 35 ℃) on biochemical inhibition [N-butyl (N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), N-propyl thiophosphoric triamide (NPPT) and 2- (Trichloromethyl) pyridine (CP) on the inhibition of nitrogen transformation in yellow soil. The results showed that soil temperature and water content significantly inhibited the urea hydrolysis in the biodegradation of biodegradation in the soil of yellow muddy soil, and influenced more by soil temperature. With the increase of soil temperature, the hydrolysis and conversion of urea increased, the effective time decreased, the nitrification increased, and the inhibition effect of urease and nitrification decreased. With the decrease of soil water content, the hydrolysis and conversion of urea was slow, the effective time was prolonged, the nitrification decreased, Nitrification inhibitory effect increased. Under different soil temperature and water content, NBPT / NPPT or CP treatment could effectively inhibit soil urease activity and degrade urea hydrolysis in yellow soil, while CP or NBPT / NPPT treatment could effectively inhibit the transformation of NH4 + -N to NO3- Maintain soil NH_4 ~ + -N content for a long time. The new urease inhibitor NPPT alone and soil urea hydrolysis with CP was similar to NBPT. The optimum soil temperature and water content for biochemical inhibition combinations in yellow paddy soils were 25 ° C and 60% WHC, respectively. In short, according to the different soil temperature and water content conditions, in the yellow muddy soil should be used urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor combination of fertilization.