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目的了解临海市近年手足口病疫情和病毒株流行情况,为该病的预防和控制提供科学指导。方法应用荧光定量RT-PCR对临海市2009-2016年采集的手足口病患者和健康密切接触者咽拭子标本进行病原学检测,采用Excel2003和SPSS19.0软件进行数据录入和分析。结果共采集咽拭子标本537份,荧光定量RT-PCR检测手足口病病毒299份阳性,总阳性率为55.68%,其中肠道病毒EV71型阳性79份,阳性率14.71%,占所有阳性标本的26.42%;科萨奇Cox A16型56份阳性,阳性率10.43%,占所有阳性标本的18.73%;其他肠道病毒阳性164份,阳性率30.54%,占阳性标本的54.85%。结论临海市引起手足口病的病毒以EV71和CoxAl6型最为常见,重症手足口病病原以EV71为主。因此,掌握手足口病的流行规律和病原学特征,对进行更有效的防控有重要意义。
Objective To understand the prevalence of HFMD in Linhai City in recent years and provide a scientific guide for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect throat swab specimens of hand-foot-mouth disease and healthy close contacts collected in Linhai from 2009 to 2016. Data were analyzed by Excel2003 and SPSS19.0 software. Results A total of 537 pharyngeal swabs were collected. The positive rate of HFMD was 299.6%, and the positive rate was 55.68%. The positive rate of EV71 was 79.7%, accounting for 14.71% of all the positive samples 56.4% of patients with Coxsackie’s Cox A16 type positive rate of 10.43%, accounting for 18.73% of all positive samples; 164 of other enterovirus positive, the positive rate of 30.54%, accounting for 54.85% of positive specimens. Conclusion The EV71 and CoxAl6 type viruses are the most common cause of hand-foot-mouth disease in Linhai city, while EV71 is the most common pathogen of HFMD. Therefore, mastering the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease is of great significance for more effective prevention and control.