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当代美国的健康状况和疾病类型的特点,概括起来是低死亡率、高平均寿命和以心血管疾病和癌症等慢性疾病为主导死因的疾病模式。美国采取相应的卫生对策是通过全社会的措施,控制和预防慢性疾病,进一步改善人民健康状况。1952年以来,美国心血管疾病年龄调整死亡率下降了40%以上,尤其是1968年以来,冠心病死亡率明显而持续地下降,引起了世界各国极大关注和众多学者的研究。本文就美国心血管疾病死亡率的变化趋势及其变化的原因作一综述。
The characteristics of health conditions and disease types in the contemporary United States are summarized as low mortality, high life expectancy, and disease patterns that are dominated by chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The United States adopts corresponding health measures to control and prevent chronic diseases through measures of the whole society and further improve people’s health status. Since 1952, the age-adjusted mortality rate of cardiovascular disease in the United States has fallen by more than 40%. Especially since 1968, the mortality rate of coronary heart disease has dropped significantly and continuously, which has attracted great attention of the world and many scholars. This article reviews the trends of cardiovascular mortality and its causes.