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在中国水产养殖业高速发展的同时,各类水产病害亦迅速增加,而药物防治作为中国水产动物疾病防治的主要方式,其安全性已经引起了社会的普遍关注。而要保证水产养殖动物及养殖生态环境的安全,就必须重视渔药的安全性评估。本文在总结中国当前渔药安全隐患的基础上,着重介绍了GABA受体类型及其结构特征,对GABA受体在渔药安全性评估和渔药研发中的实验结果及应用进行了详细论述,认为将GABA受体的多样性及其亚基选择性引入到渔药研发创新中具有广阔前景。本文对推进中国渔药安全性评估体系建设、提高水产品质量安全和促进水产养殖专用渔药的研发具有一定的理论指导意义,有利于提高中国水产养殖过程中渔药的安全使用,推动水产养殖业的可持续发展。
With the rapid development of aquaculture in China, various types of aquatic diseases have rapidly risen. As the main mode of prevention and treatment of aquatic animal diseases in China, drug control has drawn widespread public concern. To ensure the safety of aquaculture animals and aquaculture environment, we must attach importance to the safety assessment of fishery drugs. On the basis of summarizing the current hidden dangers of fishery drugs in China, this article focuses on the types and structural features of GABA receptors, and discusses in detail the experimental results and applications of GABA receptors in fishery drug safety assessment and fishery research and development. It is considered that the introduction of diversity of GABA receptors and their subunit selectivity into the research and development of fishery drugs has broad prospects. This article is of theoretical significance for promoting the construction of China’s fishery safety assessment system, improving the quality and safety of aquatic products and promoting the research and development of aquaculture-specific fishery drugs. This will help improve the safe use of fishery drugs in aquaculture in China and promote aquaculture Sustainable development of the industry.