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以东北和华北春大豆产区的11个野生大豆为材料,分析了蛋白含量与植株形态性状、荚部和籽粒性状等21个性状的相关,结果可以看出一个明显趋势:野生大豆的野生性状越典型的进化程度越低的野生大豆,其蛋白含量越高,即植株高大、分枝多、叶小、荚小、荚直、荚多、粒小、粒多的野生大豆蛋白含量高。以7个和蛋白含量相关显著或接近显著的性状对其与蛋白含量进行了通径分析,结果表明,粒大小虽与蛋白含量负相关,但它的直接效应是正的,表明选大粒可能与选高蛋白不矛盾。指明栽培大豆与野生大豆杂交后代中,选择高蛋白材料,必须克服它与细茎、多分枝、小荚等不利连锁,加强蛋白含量的实际测定和直接选择,以选育结合栽培大豆直立、杆强不倒、主茎发达的特点和野生、半野生大豆的高蛋白含量特点的优良材料。
In this study, 11 wild soybean cultivars in northeastern and north China were used as materials to analyze the relationship between protein content and plant traits, pods and grain traits. The results showed that there was a clear trend: the wild traits of wild soybean The more typical the lower the degree of evolution of wild soybean, the higher the protein content, that is tall plants, branches and more leaves, pods, pod straight, more pods, small particles, more particles of wild soybean protein content is high. The results of path analysis showed that the grain size was negatively correlated with the protein content, but its direct effect was positive, indicating that the selection of large grains may be related to the selection High protein is not contradictory. In the progeny of cross between cultivated soybean and wild soybean, selecting high protein material, we must overcome its unfavorable linkage with thin stem, multi-branch and small pod to strengthen the actual determination and direct selection of protein content, Strong non-inverted, main stem developed characteristics and high protein content of wild, semi-wild soybean fine material.