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为了提高脉冲等离子体推力器(pulsed plasma thrusters,PPT)的推进剂利用率和总效率,深入研究推力器的物理机理,建立了能模拟PPT工作时中性气体电离过程的模型,并以LES-6和XPPT-1的PPT为对象,进行了数值仿真。结果表明:计算得到LES-6和XPPT-1的推进剂利用率分别为16.32%和81.04%,电子数密度分别为6.56×1021 m-3和5.83×1021 m-3,与实验结果相近,能反映出推进剂效率随放电能量增大而增大的趋势,可以用于PPT电离情况的模拟;PPT的推进剂利用率低主要由极板电压和中性气体供给不匹配造成,极板电压无法一直满足新烧蚀出的中性气体的电离条件。
In order to improve the propellant utilization rate and total efficiency of pulsed plasma thrusters (PPT), the physical mechanism of thrusters was deeply studied, and a model of ionization process of neutral gas during PPT operation was established. The model of LES- 6 and XPPT-1 for the PPT object, the numerical simulation. The results show that the calculated propellant utilization rates of LES-6 and XPPT-1 are 16.32% and 81.04% respectively, and the electron densities are 6.56 × 1021 m-3 and 5.83 × 1021 m-3, respectively. Which shows that the efficiency of propellant increases with the increase of discharge energy and can be used to simulate the ionization situation of PPT. The low utilization rate of propellant of PPT is mainly caused by the mismatch of plate voltage and neutral gas supply, Always meet the newly ablated neutral gas ionization conditions.