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细胞红蛋白(CYGB)是2002年德国科学家Burmester在小鼠和人体内发现的第四种携氧球蛋白,与肌红蛋白(MB),血红蛋白(HB),脑红蛋白(NGB)属于同一家族,是血红素蛋白家族的新成员。它广泛分布于各个组织器官,跟其他携氧蛋白一样具有携氧,贮氧,氧感受器的功能。研究发现其在脑特定区域神经细胞的细胞质和细胞核都有分布,能够受脑缺氧的诱导,体内、外实验均表明其在缺氧情况下表达上调,能增加脑组织对缺氧的耐受能力,抵抗氧化应激所致损伤。缺氧所导致的脑损伤发生率很高,而且此类脑损伤严重影响了人类的健康和生活。所以,对细胞红蛋白进行深入的研究和探讨对于缺氧缺血性脑病,脑卒中,脑肿瘤等缺氧性脑疾病的预防和治疗有重大意义。此综述,通过概括细胞红蛋白的结构,脑内的分布,对缺氧的反应等说明其对缺氧性脑损伤潜在的保护作用。
Cycloglobin (CYGB) is the fourth type of oxygen-carrying globin found in mice and humans by the German scientist Burmester in 2002 and belongs to the same family as myoglobin (MB), hemoglobin (HB) and neuroglobin (NGB) , Is a new member of the hemoprotein family. It is widely distributed in various tissues and organs, as with other oxygen-carrying protein carrying oxygen, oxygen storage, oxygen receptor function. The study found that in specific regions of the brain nerve cells in the cytoplasm and nucleus are distributed, can be induced by cerebral hypoxia, in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that its expression in hypoxia, can increase brain tissue tolerance to hypoxia Ability to resist oxidative stress-induced damage. Hypoxia leads to a high incidence of brain damage, and such brain damage has a serious impact on human health and life. Therefore, in-depth study of cellular hemoglobin and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke, brain tumors and other hypoxic-ischemic disease prevention and treatment of great significance. This review summarizes its potential protective effect on hypoxic brain injury by summarizing the structure of the hemoglobin, the distribution in the brain and the response to hypoxia.