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背景:自从牵张成骨进入颌面外科以来,牵张器决定着牵张成骨的发展,突破直线牵张成骨的关键在于设计三维牵张器。目的:对颧骨外固定三维牵张器的设计和制作进行探讨。设计:研制一种新型外置式三维牵张器,进行羊颧骨三维牵张成骨实验。单位:安徽医科大学第一附属医院口腔科。材料:牵张器均为组织相容性好的生物材料钛制成,该牵张器包括支撑、牵张、变向3部分,另外,还有钛垫片、扳手、橡皮垫等配件。方法:10月龄羊,将离体羊头处理后制备离体羊颧骨标本,羊颧骨大体形状呈弧形,由一体四突构成,大体形状结构和骨连接与人颧骨相似。根据机械移动原理,设计两块可相对移动的支撑板,一定范围内在两个垂直方向任意移动,带动牵张杆改变牵张方向,进行三维牵张成骨,在离体羊颅骨模型上进行模拟牵张成骨。主要观察指标:在牵张杆的作用下,牵张板在三维方向移动以及牵张器整体稳定情况。结果:自行研制的三维缝牵张器重量30g,牵张杆前后向移动2cm左右,上下方向移动3.5cm左右,向外移动3cm左右,牵张控制准确,三维变向简便易行。结论:设计的外固定三维牵张器可以三维牵张,操作简便易行,控制准确。
BACKGROUND: Since distraction osteogenesis enters the maxillofacial surgery, the distractor determines the development of distraction osteogenesis. The key to breaking the straight-line distraction osteogenesis lies in the design of a three-dimensional distraction device. Objective: To explore the design and manufacture of three-dimensional distraction device with zygomatic external fixation. Design: To develop a new type of external three-dimensional distractors, three-dimensional sheep zygomatic distraction osteogenesis experiment. Unit: Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. MATERIALS: The distractor is made of titanium, a biomaterial with good tissue compatibility. The distractor includes support, stretch and change to 3 parts. In addition, there are accessories such as titanium washers, wrenches and rubber pads. Methods: The goat cheekbones were isolated from goats treated with sheep head for 10 month old sheep. The general shape of goat cheekbones was arcuate and consisted of one quadruple. The general shape and structure of the goat cheekbones were similar to that of human cheekbones. According to the principle of mechanical movement, two support plates that can be relatively moved are designed to move freely in two vertical directions within a certain range to drive the distraction rod to change the distraction direction and perform three-dimensional distraction osteogenesis to simulate the isolated sheep skull model Distraction osteogenesis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The distraction plate moved in three dimensions and the distractor overall stability under the action of a distraction rod. Results: The self-developed three-dimensional slit distractor weight 30g, distraction rod about 2cm before and after the move, move up and down about 3.5cm, outward movement of about 3cm, accurate stretch control, three-dimensional change is simple and easy. Conclusion: The design of external fixation of three-dimensional distraction device can be three-dimensional stretch, easy to operate, accurate control.