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为预防综放开采过断层发生冲击地压事故,以东滩煤矿14310(东)综放工作面为背景,运用微震监测、数值模拟和理论分析等方法,研究断层区域的冲击地压危险性。按照断层活动规律,将工作面冲击危险性分为断层冷冻、断层蓄能、断层活化、断层煤柱、断层错动、上盘能量释放、残余能量释放和断层稳定8个阶段。分析3个高危阶段的冲击地压机理,认为断层活化型冲击机理是开采诱发断层附近积聚的构造应力向煤壁转移;断层煤柱型冲击机理是断层切割顶板与下盘形成高应力煤柱;断层错动型冲击机理是断层长期活化“润滑”断面。结果表明,冲击危险性划分结果和冲击机理分析结果皆与现场实际考察情况大致相同。
In order to prevent the occurrence of rock burst in fully mechanized caving mining accident, based on the 14310 (East) fully mechanized coal caving face in Dongtan Coal Mine, the risk of rockburst in the fault area is studied by means of microseismic monitoring, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. According to the law of fault activity, the impact danger of working face can be divided into eight stages: fault freezing, fault energy storage, fault activation, fault pillars, fault dislocation, energy release of the hanging wall, residual energy release and fault stability. The mechanism of rockburst in the high-risk stage is analyzed. It is considered that the mechanism of fault-activated impact is the tectonic stress that accumulates near the fault-induced migration to the coal wall. The mechanism of the fault of coal pillar in the fault is that the top and bottom plates of fault cutting form high-stress coal pillar Fault mechanism of fault-type impact is long-term activation of the fault “lubrication ” section. The results show that the results of the impact risk classification and the results of the impact mechanism analysis are almost the same as the actual situation in the field.