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试验采用“3414”最优回归设计,研究了氮、磷、钾不同施用量对马铃薯产量和品质的影响。结果表明:处理N2P2K2产量最高,达到42 275.09kg/hm2,增产88.1%;其次为处理N2P2K1,产量为40 472.60kg/hm2,增产80.0%。马铃薯单株结薯数、单薯重以及大中薯率均以处理N2P2K2最高,分别达到4.97个/株、174.95g/块、99.05%,并且均显著高于处理N0P0K0;氮、磷、钾肥施用量对马铃薯块茎淀粉含量和蛋白质含量影响不显著,磷肥有利于还原糖含量的降低和Vc含量的提高,氮肥则相反,使块茎中还原糖含量增加,而Vc含量降低。在本试验条件下,马铃薯高产优质的氮、磷、钾肥适宜施肥方案为:纯N 114.0～150kg/hm2、P2O5 63.75～75kg/hm2、K2O 220～270kg/hm2。
The “3414” optimal regression design was used to study the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium rates on potato yield and quality. The results showed that the yield of N2P2K2 was the highest, reaching 42.275.09kg / hm2, increasing by 88.1%; followed by N2P2K1, yielding 40 472.60kg / hm2, increasing yield by 80.0%. The tuber number per tuber, single tuber weight, and medium-large tuber were highest in treatment N2P2K2, reaching 4.97 plants / plant, 174.95g / plant, and 99.05% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of N0P0K0 The amount of starch had no significant effect on the starch content and protein content of potato tuber. Phosphate fertilizer was beneficial to the reduction of reducing sugar content and Vc content, while nitrogen fertilizer on the contrary, so that reducing tuber content of reducing sugar, Vc content decreased. Under the experimental conditions, the suitable fertilization program of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with high yield and good quality are: pure N 114.0-150kg / hm2, P2O5 63.75-75kg / hm2, K2O 220-270kg / hm2.