论文部分内容阅读
目的了解甘肃省镇原县农村15岁以上人群甲型肝炎防治知识知晓情况及相关行为现状,为制定有效的甲肝防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用整群分层抽样法在镇原县19个乡镇随机抽取10个乡镇540名15岁以上人群进行甲型肝炎防治及相关行为调查。结果人群甲肝防治知识知晓率在23.52%~94.63%,平均为64.96%。对甲肝传播途径和预防措施的知晓率在40.00%~66.30%,对其他肝炎的知晓率在23.52%~39.26%。不同性别、年龄、职业和文化程度的人群甲肝防治知识得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。24.63%的人不记得自己是否患过肝脏疾病,32.96%的人不清楚周围人是否患过肝脏疾病。人群卫生习惯形成率在16.48%~94.44%,平均56.71%;有“饭前洗手,便后洗手,家中切肉的案板和刀具生熟分开使用,家中餐具固定分开使用,不带儿童参加婚丧嫁娶”等习惯的在16.48%~32.59%;92.04%的家中厕所为旱厕,距离食用水源50 m以下的占43.7%。人群甲肝疫苗接种率39.26%,34.81%的人疫苗接种史不清楚。结论镇原县农村15岁以上人群甲肝防治知识知晓率较低,卫生习惯普遍较差,甲肝疫苗接种率也比较低。应针对不同层次人群,采取不同的宣传方式,加强甲肝防治知识宣传教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge and status of hepatitis A prevention and control in rural population over the age of 15 in Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of effective prevention and control strategies for hepatitis A. Methods A cluster stratified sampling method was used to investigate the prevention and treatment of hepatitis A and its related behavior in 540 randomly selected people from 15 villages and towns in 10 villages and townships in 19 villages and towns in Zhenyuan County. Results The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of hepatitis A in the population ranged from 23.52% to 94.63% with an average of 64.96%. The awareness rate of hepatitis A transmission and preventive measures ranged from 40.00% to 66.30%, and the other hepatitis awareness rates ranged from 23.52% to 39.26%. There were significant differences in knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis A between different sexes, ages, occupations and educational level (P <0.05). 24.63% do not remember whether they have had liver disease or not, and 32.96% do not know if they have liver disease or not. The rate of formation of the population’s hygiene habit ranges from 16.48% to 94.44%, with an average of 56.71%; there is “wash hands before meals, wash hands afterwards, cut off the chopping board at home and cutlery and raw materials separately, fix the home utensils separately and use them without marriage Funeral ”and other habits of 16.48% ~ 32.59%; 92.04% of toilets at home toilet, from the edible water source below 50 m accounted for 43.7%. Population hepatitis A vaccination rate of 39.26%, 34.81% of the history of human immunization is not clear. Conclusion The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of hepatitis A in rural population over 15 years old in Zhenyuan County is relatively low, the hygiene habits is generally poor, and the vaccination rate of hepatitis A is relatively low. Different levels of publicity should be taken to promote publicity and education on hepatitis A prevention and treatment.