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优质无缝管材按生产工艺可分为热轧管和冷拨管两类。鉴于生产工艺特点,管材金属表面的主要缺陷有划痕、裂纹(包括发纹)、折迭、翘皮和夹杂等,这些缺陷的方向多数是沿管轴线方向的。为了装置的正常运行和安全生产,规范要求对用于制造高压和超高压装置的管材表面缺陷进行百分之百的无损检测。目前对管材表面缺陷探伤,一般采用磁粉探伤法、着色探伤法等。这些方法对管材内表面缺陷都无能为力,对加工成各种形状的大批量半成品管材的外表面缺陷,这些方法也并不方便。为了快速全面地查出管材内外壁危险性缺陷,我们采用超声波探伤法取代其它表面缺陷探伤法。一、超声表面波探伤法
Quality seamless pipe according to the production process can be divided into two types of hot-rolled pipe and cold-headed. In view of the characteristics of the production process, the main defects on the metal surface of the pipe are scratches, cracks (including hair lines), folds, skins and inclusions, etc., most of which are in the direction of the pipe axis. For normal operation and safe production of equipment, the code requires 100% non-destructive testing of the surface defects of pipes used in the manufacture of high-pressure and extra-high pressure equipment. Currently on the pipe surface flaw detection, the general use of magnetic particle inspection, coloring detection method. These methods are not capable of dealing with the internal surface defects of pipes, and are not convenient for the external surface defects of large quantities of semi-finished pipes processed into various shapes. In order to quickly and fully detect the risk of defects inside and outside the pipe wall, we use ultrasonic flaw detection method to replace other surface defects. First, the ultrasonic surface wave detection method