鸦片战争中,1840年8月中旬英军一度到达了天津白河口,直接威胁北京。道光皇帝派直隶总督琦善同英军谈判,只想用温和的方法劝使他们自动退回南方去。琦善在白河口像接待客人一样地接待了英国兵船,并同义律进行了两次会谈,还有过几次书信来往。在谈判中,他一面诿罪于林则徐禁烟“措置失当”,表示朝廷将对林则徐“重治其罪,定能代伸冤抑”;同时告诉义律,道光皇帝将派钦差大臣前往广东查明情形,劝英人“反棹南还,听候办理”,定能让 In the Opium War, the British troops arrived at the Tianjin Baihekou in mid-August 1840, directly threatening Beijing. The Governor of the Daoguang emperor sent Zhili Qishan to negotiate with the British military. He only wanted to use gentle methods to persuade them to automatically return to the south. Qi Shan received the British soldiers in Baihekou like a guest, and met with the law twice. He also had several correspondences. During the negotiations, he was guilty of blasphemy for Lin Zexu’s “improper handling” of the non-compliance. He stated that the court will treat Lin Zexu as “responsible for his crimes and will be able to suppress them;” and at the same time, telling Yilu that Emperor Daoguang will send the imperial government to Guangdong to find out the situation and advise The British “against the return of southern Jiangxi and waiting for handling” will surely allow