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目的探讨接触工业γ射线放射工作人员辐射损伤敏感指标,保障接触工业γ射线放射工作人员健康和安全。方法对比分析接触工业γ射线放射组(n=32)和对照组(n=48)之间和不同工龄亚组之间的放射损伤指标,包括指甲纵嵴色条甲检出率、眼晶状体混浊率、染色体畸变相关指标和微核相关指标。结果不同工龄组工业同位素应用放射工作人员间指甲纵嵴色条甲检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且高于对照组(P<0.01)。在控制了年龄,性别以及放射工龄后,放射组比对照组发生指甲纵脊色条甲的危险性增高(P<0.05)。不同工龄组间眼睛晶状体混浊率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且高于对照组(P<0.01)。除微核率与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)外,放射组的各项遗传学指标与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。21~工龄组与对照组的微核率和微核异常率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),1~工龄组和11~20工龄组与对照组的微核率的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同工龄组的染色体畸变总率与微核率的回归方程为:Y=7.183X-2.133。结论反映接触工业γ射线电离辐射引起辐射损伤生物效应较敏感指标有手指纵嵴色条甲和晶状体混浊率,间接敏感指标有微核率和微核异常率,相关部门应做好相关指标的定期检测,进一步加强该人群放射工作人员辐射防护工作。
Objective To explore the sensitive indicators of exposure to industrial γ-ray radiation workers to ensure the health and safety of workers exposed to industrial gamma rays. Methods Radiographic damage indicators of exposure to industrial γ-ray radiation (n = 32) and control (n = 48) and sub-groups of different length of service were compared and analyzed, including the detection rate of the longitudinal color of the nail, Rate, related indicators of chromosome aberration and micronucleus related indicators. Results There were significant differences in the detection rates of the longitudinal color of the nail between the radiation workers and industrial isotopes of different age groups (P <0.01), and higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). After controlling for age, sex, and radiation age, the risk of nailing in the radiation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The difference of opacification rate of eye lens between different age groups was statistically significant (P <0.05), which was higher than that of control group (P <0.01). Except for the micronucleus rate was significantly different from the control group (P <0.01), the genetic parameters of the radiotherapy group were not significantly different from the control group (P> 0.05). The difference of micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate in 21 ~ age group and control group was statistically significant (P <0.05). The differences of micronucleus rate in 1 ~ age group and 11 ~ 20 age group and control group were statistically significant Significance (P <0.01). The regression equation of the total chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate in different age groups was: Y = 7.183X-2.133. Conclusion The exposure to industrial γ-ray radiation exposure caused by biological effects of radiation-sensitive indicators of finger longitudinal ridge color and lens opacity, micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate of indirect sensitive indicators, the relevant departments should make the relevant indicators of regular Testing, to further strengthen the population radiological staff radiation protection.