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采样分析了幕阜山不同海拔高度土壤的基本性状和粘土矿物组合,结果表明:①土壤粘粒中均含有高岭石、1.4nm矿物和水云母等粘土矿物,但海拔800 m以下的土壤中以高岭石为主,800 m以上的土壤中则以2:1型矿物为主。②粘粒化学组成中,随着海拔升高,SiO_2含量降低,Al_2O_2含量相对升高,粘粒的硅铝率下降,这与土壤形成过程中雨量增多,淋溶作用增强有关。③随着海拔升高,土壤质地变轻,pH值升高,盐基饱和度及粉粒/粘粒比增加,都反映了土壤的形成作用减弱。
The results show that: (1) clay minerals in the soil contain clay minerals such as kaolinite, 1.4nm minerals and water mica. However, in the soil below 800m above sea level Kaolinite dominated, more than 800 m of soil is mainly 2: 1 type of mineral. ② In the chemical composition of clay, with the elevation increasing, the content of SiO 2 decreased and the content of Al 2 O 2 increased relatively, and the content of silica and alumina of clay decreased, which was related to the increase of rainfall and leaching in the process of soil formation. ③ With the elevation increasing, soil texture became lighter, pH value increased, base saturation and the ratio of silt / clay increased, which reflected the weakening effect of soil formation.