本文从理论与实际详细阐述了“长交路、轮乘制”能够提高铁路运输通过能力,缓解运量与运能矛盾。分析了以此取得的技术经济效益和社会效益。指出当前推行“长交路、轮乘制”存在的问题及解决的基本对策。其目的是要机务部门与运输、车辆、劳资、财务、统计部门密切配合,促进“长交路、轮乘制”的巩固与发展。 This article elaborates theoretically and practically that the principle of “long route and round trip system” can improve the capacity of railway transportation and ease the contradiction between capacity and transport capacity. The technical, economic and social benefits obtained from this analysis are analyzed. It points out the problems existing in the implementation of the “Long Route and Round-Robin System” and the basic countermeasures to solve them. Its purpose is to closely cooperate with the transport, vehicles, labor and capital, finance and statistics departments in the maintenance department and promote the consolidation and development of the “long road and round-trip system.”