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硒是人体必需元素,同时也是维持谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性的辅因子。硒缺乏可能影响细胞的抗氧化功能和不同疾病的外在表现。早先的研究报道中指出一个地区土壤中硒含量较低就会导致当地哺乳期妇女乳汁中硒水平的降低。在横断面研究中,对513个沙特阿拉伯儿童的血清和趾甲测量硒、dl-α-生育酚和全反式视黄醇的含量。研究结果显示,只有1.4%的受试儿童血清硒低于阈值45μg/L(该阈值对于冠状和心血管疾病具有显著临床意义),而53.4%受试儿童的趾甲硒的含量>0.56μg/g。3.1%的受试者中发现dl-α-生育酚的缺乏。然而,没有一个受试儿童有严格意义上的全反式视黄醇的缺乏,边缘性缺乏也仅有5.5%。初级卫生保健的地理位置是影响儿童硒水平最重要的因素,主要是指饮食习惯的不同。血清和趾甲硒含量呈明显相关关系,二者同时反映日常饮食的硒摄取情况。虽然研究结果建议保持充足的维生素A的摄入水平,但是研究发现10.9%受试儿童的视黄醇已>500μg/L。这说明维生素A的高饮食摄入可能有有害的效果。血液中高维生素A含量是否反映日常饮食视黄醇的过度摄取有待进一步的研究。另外,研究发现,dl-α-生育酚和全反式视黄醇与丙二醛存在明显的负相关关系。这可能是他们减少氧化应激方面的作用。
Selenium is an essential element of the human body and is also a cofactor for maintaining glutathione peroxidase activity. Selenium deficiency may affect the antioxidant function of cells and the external manifestations of different diseases. Earlier studies have reported that the lower selenium content of soils in a region can lead to a reduction in selenium levels in breast milk in lactating women. In a cross-sectional study, selenium, dl-a-tocopherol and all-trans-retinol contents were measured on serum and toenails of 513 Saudi children. Results showed that only 1.4% of children tested had serum selenium less than a threshold of 45 μg / L (this threshold has a clinically significant effect on coronary and cardiovascular disease), while 53.4% tested children had> 0.56 μg / g selenium . The lack of dl-alpha-tocopherol was found in 3.1% of the subjects. However, none of the children tested had a strictly lack of all-trans retinol, with only 5.5% of marginal absences. The geographical location of primary health care is the most important factor affecting children’s selenium levels, mainly refers to the different eating habits. Serum and toe selenium content was significantly correlated, both reflect the daily diet of selenium intake. Although the findings suggest adequate levels of vitamin A intake, 10.9% of the children tested had> 500μg / L of retinol. This shows that high vitamin A diet may have harmful effects. Whether high blood levels of vitamin A reflect the daily diet retinol over-intake remains to be further studied. In addition, the study found that dl-α-tocopherol and all-trans retinol and malondialdehyde significant negative correlation. This may be their role in reducing oxidative stress.