结垢是指物体表面受到化学、物理或生物的作用而形成污垢。由于管道输送的是油气等介质,这些介质里含有有机物、H_2S、CO_2、多种离子、细菌以及泥砂等杂质,因此很容易结垢。管道结垢后使管道缩径,流通截面积变小,造成压力损失、排量减小及管道堵塞。管道结垢还会诱发管道局部腐蚀,导致管道漏失频繁,甚至穿 Scaling refers to the surface of the object by chemical, physical or biological role in the formation of dirt. As the pipelines transport oil and gas and other media, these media contain organic matter, H_2S, CO_2, a variety of ions, bacteria and sediment and other impurities, it is easy scaling. Pipe fouling pipe diameter reduction, circulation cross-sectional area becomes smaller, resulting in pressure loss, reduce displacement and pipeline blockage. Pipe scaling will also induce localized corrosion of the pipeline, resulting in frequent pipeline leaks, or even wear