如何评价婴幼儿对牛奶的变态反应,是儿科和皮肤科的常见问题。现就有关情况结合文献复习作一介绍。一、发病机理婴幼儿最易发生食物过敏,约10～60％的儿童患有食物过敏症,常见的过敏原有牛奶、蛋、巧克力等。这些食物中,尤以牛奶引起的变态反应最多见,通常发生在出生后的头几个月中,发病率约为0.3～7.5％,由于诊断标准各异,亦有人认为“真正”的发病率为1～3％,异位性儿童则可高达30％。食物过敏或不能耐受,并非都是Ⅰ型反应,非IgE抗体反应、酶缺陷、非免疫学组胺释放(如某些海味)等,均可致食物过敏。豚鼠接触某些气味后血浆组胺增高, How to evaluate infant allergy to milk, pediatric and dermatology is a common problem. Now on the situation with the literature review for an introduction. First, the pathogenesis Infants and toddlers most susceptible to food allergies, about 10 to 60% of children suffering from food allergies, common allergens are milk, eggs, chocolate and so on. The most common of these foods, milk-induced allergy, usually occurs in the first few months of life, with a prevalence of about 0.3-7.5%. Some people consider the “true” incidence due to different diagnostic criteria 1 to 3%, while children can be as high as 30%. Food allergies or intolerance, not all are type I response, non-IgE antibody reactions, enzyme defects, non-immunological histamine release (such as some seafood), etc., can cause food allergies. Histamine increased plasma guinea pig exposure to certain odors,