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滨海湿地是我国湿地的重要组成部分,具有多种生态功能。随着风险社会的到来,各种开发利用行为造成滨海湿地严重的环境资源问题,滨海湿地的保护管理和法制建设成为当务之急。法律调整机制是应对滨海湿地问题的各类调整机制中最重要的部分,但我国现行法律调整机制无法有效解决滨海湿地利用中的“公地悲剧”和利益平衡问题,应该根据社会发展的需要,采取行政调整、市场调整和社会调整相结合的综合性法律调整机制。环境治理理论的兴起和我国第三部门的发展为滨海湿地综合性法律调整机制的构建提供了理论依据和社会基础,应该通过发展滨海湿地区域的环保产业、建立生态补偿制度、完善公众参与环境影响评价的途径、构建滨海湿地的社区共管模式,综合运用行政指导、经济激励、公众参与等各种法律手段完善我国滨海湿地的保护管理。
Coastal wetland is an important part of wetlands in China, with a variety of ecological functions. With the advent of a risk society, various exploitation and utilization behaviors have posed serious environmental resource problems in the coastal wetlands. The protection and legal system construction of the coastal wetlands has become a top priority. The legal adjustment mechanism is the most important part of the various adjustment mechanisms for the coastal wetland problem. However, the existing legal adjustment mechanism in our country can not effectively solve the problem of “tragedy of the commons” and the balance of interests in the utilization of coastal wetlands, and should be based on the social development Needs, take the administrative adjustment, the market adjustment and the social adjustment union legal comprehensive adjustment mechanism. The rise of environmental governance theory and the development of the third sector in our country provide the theoretical basis and social foundation for the construction of a comprehensive legal regulation mechanism of coastal wetlands. We should establish an ecological compensation system by developing the environmental protection industry in coastal wetlands and improve the environmental impact of public participation Evaluation approach to build a community-managed coastal wetlands model, the integrated use of administrative guidance, economic incentives, public participation and other legal means to improve China’s coastal wetland protection and management.