Good quality crystals of calcium p-nitrophenolate (NPCa) were grown from saturated solution by slow evaporation method. The crystal structure analysis and the molecular arrangement of these crystals were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). From single crystal XRD studies, NPCa is found to be crystallized in the monoclinic system with a space group P21/n. The functional groups of the material were confirmed qualitatively by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectral analysis. Optical absorption studies reveal the absorption region and microhardness studies were carried out to confirm the mechanical behaviour of the crystals.