磁性金属-有机骨架(magnetic metal-organic frameworks,MMOFs)材料是近年来兴起的新型纳米功能材料,它由MOFs材料和磁性材料组合而成,具有高选择性、良好分散性和可多次重复利用等优点,在环境、医学和生物学研究领域应用广泛。本文介绍了MMOFs材料的四种合成方法,包括嵌入法、叠层法、封装法和混合法,其中嵌入法是指将磁性颗粒材料镶嵌在MOFs表面,叠层法是将MOFs层覆盖和叠加生长在官能化磁性颗粒材料表面,封装法是MOFs材料围绕磁性颗粒在其周围生长并将其包埋起来,混合法是将MOFs和磁性颗粒物通过物理或化学作用发生聚合合成。MOFs与磁性颗粒材料结合形成的MMOFs,既保留了MOFs材料的结构与性能,又增添了颗粒材料的磁性,从而大大拓展了MOFs的应用范围。鉴于MMOFs可携带特定的物质释放于指定位置,容易从复杂基质中分离,并可通过外部磁性进行定位与收集等优势与特点,其在生物医药、环境样品预处理和催化等领域得到了广泛的应用。 Magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MMOFs) material is a new type of nano-functional material that has emerged in recent years. It is a combination of MOFs and magnetic materials. It has high selectivity, good dispersibility and can be re-used repeatedly And other advantages, in the field of environmental, medical and biological research widely used. In this paper, four synthesis methods of MMOFs materials, including embedded method, lamination method, encapsulation method and hybrid method, are introduced, in which the embedded method refers to the magnetic particles embedded in the MOFs surface, and the lamination method is to cover and superpose the MOFs layer On the surface of the functionalized magnetic particle material, the MOFs material is encapsulated around and surrounded by the magnetic particles, and the MOFs and the magnetic particles are polymerized by physical or chemical polymerization. MOFs and magnetic particles combined to form MMOFs, which not only retains the structure and properties of MOFs material, but also adds the magnetic properties of granular materials, which greatly expanded the scope of application of MOFs. In view of the advantages and features of MMOFs such as the ability to carry a specific substance at a given location, to be easily separated from a complex matrix, and to be positioned and collected by external magnetism, MMOFs have been widely used in such fields as biomedicine, environmental sample preparation and catalysis application.