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探讨2种分子标记技术在沉香属药用植物遗传多样性研究中的应用。用ISSR和AFLP分子标记分析了海南、云南、广东、广西等地17份沉香属植物的遗传多样性。14个ISSR引物、8对AFLP引物分别检测到119、919个位点,多态性位点百分率分别为73.95%、86.94%。由于AFLP标记具有较高的多态性位点检测效率,AFLP标记分析的遗传多样性参数高于ISSR。虽然基于Nei’s遗传距离的聚类分析结果存在着一定的差异,但用Mantel检测对2种方法检测的遗传一致度进行相关性分析表明,二者之间存在着明显的相关性(r=0.7705,P=0.0003)。ISSR标记与AFLP标记均能应用于沉香属植物的遗传多样性研究。2种标记的研究结果均揭示出沉香属植物具有较高的遗传多样水平。
To explore the application of two kinds of molecular markers in the study of genetic diversity of medicinal plants. The ISSR and AFLP molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 17 species of genus Agar from Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi. 14 ISSR primers and 119 pairs of AFLP primers detected 119,919 loci, the percentage of polymorphic loci were 73.95% and 86.94% respectively. AFLP markers have higher genetic diversity than ISSR because AFLP markers have higher polymorphic loci detection efficiency. Although the results of cluster analysis based on Nei’s genetic distance showed some differences, the correlation analysis of Mantel test to genetic consistency between the two methods showed that there was a significant correlation between the two (r = 0.7705, P = 0.0003). ISSR markers and AFLP markers can be applied to the genetic diversity of the plants of the genus. The results of the two kinds of markers revealed that the genus Mycelium has high genetic diversity.