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目的:分析总结赣州市新发麻风患者被误诊的情况,为麻风防治提供依据.方法:收集近5年赣州市新发麻风患者的临床资料,对其误诊情况进行分析.结果:2011-2015年,赣州市共确诊72例麻风患者,其中临床多菌型占73.71％,临床少菌型占26.39％;首次就医确诊率为12.50％,63例有误诊经历,误诊率达87.50％,其中临床多菌型麻风误诊率为94.23％,临床少菌型误诊率为70.00％.误诊患者中,误诊为皮肤科疾病者占57.58％,误诊为其他科疾病者占42.42％.结论:在麻风低流行状态下,加大麻风防治机构能力建设、强化临床医生的麻风防治技能培训及提高医生对麻风的警惕性和诊断水平是减少误诊或漏诊的关键.“,”Objective:To analyze the misdiagnosis of new leprosy patients in Ganzhou in order to improve the preventive and therapeutic measures for leprosy.Methods:They analyzed the clinical data from new leprosy patients in Ganzhou from 2011 to 2015.Results:A total of 72 cases were diagnosed as leprosy from 2011 to 2015,including multibacillary(73.71％) and paucibacillary (26.39％)leprosy.The correct diagnosis rate was 12.50％ at the first visit and the misdiagnosis rate was 87.50％.The misdiagnosis rates of multibacillary and paucibacillary leprosy were 94.23％ and 70.00％,respectively.Among 63 misdiagnosis cases,57.58％ were misdiagnosed as other skin diseases,and 42.42％,as non-skin diseases.Conclusions:In the low-prevalence situation,the strategies to reduce misdiagnosis of leprosy include enhancing the preventive and therapeutic capability of leprosy institutes,and improving the physicians\' skills in prevention and treatment of leprosy in addition to their awareness of leprosy.