1引言图1最近,在一篇文章中看到这样一个问题:处于定态E1的电子能不能吸收一定频率的光子跃迁到不是定态的某一位置E′(图1)呢?文章作者认为,这种跃迁是可能的,理由是“在量子理论中,由于E′不是实际的能级,称之为虚能级,实际的能级E1、E2称之为实能级.在虚能级E′与其附近的实 1 Introduction Figure 1 Recently, we have seen such a question in an article: Can electrons in the stationary E1 absorb some frequency photon transitions to a certain position E’ (Fig. 1) that is not stationary? This transition is possible because of the "in the quantum theory, since E’ is not an actual energy level, it is called a virtual energy level, and the actual energy levels E1, E2 are called real energy levels. At the virtual energy level E’ and its vicinity