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沙皇統治下的俄国也是一个文化落后的国家,所以作为無产阶級革命的領袖和导师的列宁特別重视文化革命的問題。早在1913年,列宁在談到美国白人特别是美国黑人当中文盲的百分比很高的时候就說过:“資本主义不可能使人們徹底解放,甚至不可能使人們完全平等。”(《列宁論国民教育》第143頁,以下只注頁碼。)無产阶級革命家認为只有推翻剝削制度才能使人們得到徹底的解放,
Russia under tsarism is also a country with a backward culture. Therefore, Lenin, who is the leader and mentor of the proletarian revolution, attaches special importance to the issue of the cultural revolution. As early as 1913, when talking about the high percentage of illiteracy among white Americans, especially African Americans, Lenin said: “Capitalism can not liberate people completely or even make people completely equal.” (Lenin National Education ", p. 143, only the following page numbers.) Proletarian revolutionists believe that only by overthrowing the system of exploitation can people be completely liberated,