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目的了解基诺族老年人原发性高血压的患病情况,探讨相关影响因素。方法 2015年8月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取年龄≥60岁基诺族老年人793人,调查高血压患病情况,并收集病史和体检资料。结果调查基诺族老年人793人,高血压检出率为39.1%(95%CI35.7%~42.5%),低于我国年龄≥60岁人群高血压患病率(49.0%,P<0.05)。高血压、单纯收缩期高血压(ISH)和正常高值血压的检出率均呈随年龄增长而增加(P<0.05)。离婚或丧偶后未再婚人群的高血压和ISH检出率高于在婚人群,经济发展水平中等地区的高血压检出率高于较低地区(P<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果表明,经济发展水平与饮酒之间有跨层交互作用(P<0.05);个体水平协变量中,与高血压正相关的是体质量指数(BMI,OR=1.146,95%CI 1.053~1.248)、年龄(OR=1.365,95%CI 1.105~1.685)、离婚或丧偶后未再婚(OR=1.847,95%CI 1.033~3.304)、吸烟(OR=1.601,95%CI1.001~2.560)和高盐膳食(OR=5.898,95%CI3.499~9.942),而经常食用蔬菜与高血压呈负相关(OR=0.462,95%CI0.273~0.781)。结论基诺族老年人高血压检出率低于全国水平,主要危险因素包括经济发展水平、饮酒、BMI、年龄、离婚或丧偶、吸烟和高盐膳食,而经常食用蔬菜是保护因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of essential hypertension in the elderly in Jinuo and to explore the related influential factors. Methods In August 2015, 793 elderly people aged 60 or older were sampled by multistage stratified cluster sampling to investigate the prevalence of hypertension and to collect medical history and physical examination data. Results A total of 793 elderly people were examined in Jino. The prevalence of hypertension was 39.1% (95% CI 35.7% -42.5%), lower than the prevalence of hypertension (49.0%, P <0.05) . The detection rate of hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and normal high blood pressure increased with age (P <0.05). The detection rate of hypertension and ISH in unmarried people after divorced or widowed is higher than that in married people and middle level of economic development higher than that in lower areas (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was cross-layer interaction between economic development level and alcohol consumption (P <0.05). Among the individual level covariates, positive correlation with hypertension was body mass index (BMI, OR = 1.146, 95% CI = 1.053 ~ 1.248), age (OR = 1.365, 95% CI 1.105 ~ 1.685), no remarry after divorced or widowed (OR = 1.847,95% CI 1.033-3.304), smoking (OR = 1.601,95% CI1.001 ~ 2.560) and high salt diet (OR = 5.898,95% CI3.499 ~ 9.942), while the regular consumption of vegetables was negatively correlated with hypertension (OR = 0.462, 95% CI0.273-0.781). Conclusion The detection rate of hypertension in the Jino elderly is lower than the national level. The main risk factors include economic development, alcohol consumption, BMI, age, divorce or widowhood, smoking and high-salt diet, while regular consumption of vegetables is a protective factor.