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目的:研究五脉百里香挥发油超临界CO_2最优萃取条件,并对挥发油成分进行抑菌活性分析。方法:采用超临界CO_2萃取技术,在单因素实验的基础上,利用中心组合(Central Composite Design)设计原理进行响应面分析,确定萃取的最佳条件;并用刃天青显色法对挥发油进行大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度测定。结果:五脉百里香挥发油的最佳提取条件为萃取温度45℃、萃取压力28 MPa、萃取时间2.72 h(163 min);对大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌最小抑菌浓度分别为2.17、1.09、0.54 mg·m L-1。结论:响应面法对五脉百里香挥发油超临界CO_2进行条件优化的方法合理可行,可提高对药材挥发油的提取率;对挥发油进行大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度测定,发现对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最显著。
OBJECTIVE: To study the optimum conditions of supercritical CO_2 extraction of the essential oil of five-pulse thyme, and analyze the antibacterial activities of the volatile oil components. Methods: The supercritical CO_2 extraction technique was used to determine the optimal extraction conditions based on the single factor experiment using the Central Composite Design (RSM) design principle. The volatile oil was concentrated on the large intestine Bacillus, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus minimum inhibitory concentration determination. Results: The optimal extraction conditions for essential oil of five-pulse thyme were 45 ℃ for extraction temperature, 28 MPa for extraction pressure and 2.72 h (163 min) for extraction time. The minimum inhibitory concentrations against E. coli, Shigella dysenteriae and Staphylococcus aureus were 2.17, 1.09, 0.54 mg · m L-1. Conclusion: The method of response surface methodology for optimizing the supercritical CO_2 content of the essential oil of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata is reasonable and feasible, which can improve the extraction rate of the volatile oil from the medicinal materials. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the volatile oils against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae and Staphylococcus aureus, It was found that the antibacterial effect of Staphylococcus aureus was the most significant.