招标是利用竞争方法,择优选定工程建设、加工制做、设计、科研等项目的承揽单位的一种活动,在国外有长久的历史,应用的范围很广泛。我国随着经济体制改革的进展,利用这种方法完成某些任务的单位和部门日渐增多,已显示出它的优越性。据报载,北京筹建的华都啤酒厂需要的啤酒发酵罐,通过招标选定加工单位,比原设计节约投资346万元。北京加气混凝土厂原计划用156.8万美元进口的蒸压釜,经过招标,不仅在国内找到了承制单位,而且设备费比原计划节约280万元。这些事例说明,采用招标方法招揽工程项目,既可在同行业开展竞争的情况下,确保工程质量和工期,节省投资,提高经济效益,而且还可 Bidding is the activity of using the method of competition to select the contractor of projects such as construction, processing, designing, scientific research and so on. It has a long history in foreign countries and has a wide range of applications. With the progress of economic restructuring in our country, the number of units and departments that have completed certain tasks using this method has been steadily increasing and has shown its superiority. It is reported that beer brewing fermentors needed by Beijing Huadu Brewery to be constructed by the bidding process will save 3.46 million yuan more than the original design. Beijing Aerated Concrete Plant originally planned to import autoclaved autoclave at a price of US $ 1.568 million. After the bidding, it not only found the concession unit in China, but also saved the equipment cost by 2.8 million yuan from the original plan. These examples show that the use of bidding methods to attract projects, both in the same industry to compete in the case, to ensure project quality and duration, save investment, improve economic efficiency, but also