目的 探讨3～12岁印度尼西亚儿童牛奶摄入与乳糖吸收不良之间的关系.方法 该研究为横断面研究.研究对象为在印度尼西亚雅加达中部随机选取的营养状况良好的174名3～12岁健康儿童,包括72名3～5岁儿童和102名6～12岁儿童.结果 3～5岁儿童乳糖吸收不良患病率为20.8％ (15/72),6～12岁儿童乳糖吸收不良患病率为35.3％ (36/102).牛奶或乳制品摄入与乳糖吸收不良之间无显著关联性(P＞0.05).在氢呼气试验中,51例乳糖吸收不良儿童主要表现为腹泻(62％)、腹痛(52％)和恶心(5％).结论 3～12岁印度尼西亚儿童牛奶摄入和乳糖吸收不良无关联,这提示遗传易感性可能比乳糖摄入的适应机制更重要.“,”Objective To study the association between milk consumption and lactose malabsorption in Indonesian children aged 3-12 years.Methods This cross sectional study was conducted in randomly selected presumed healthy children with good nutritional status aged 3-12 years in Central Jakarta,Indonesia (n=174),including 72 children aged 3-5 years and 102 children aged 6-12 years.Results The prevalence of lactose malabsorption in children aged 3-5 years and children aged 6-12 years was 20.8％ (15/72) and 35.3％ (36/102),respectively.There was no association between milk or milk product consumption and lactose malabsorption (P＞0.05).In the 51 children with lactose malabsorption,the predominant clinical symptoms were diarrhea (62％),abdominal pain (52％),and nausea (5％) during the hydrogen breath test.Conclusions There is no association between milk consumption and lactose malabsorption in Indonesian children aged 3-12 years,suggesting that genetic predisposition may be more important than adaptive mechanisms to lactose consumption.