目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)与哮喘和COPD重叠综合征(ACOS)患者血浆中C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-10、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α等炎性细胞因子水平的临床意义。方法:纳入2016年1月至2017年2月就诊的30例AECOPD患者(AECOPD组),同时纳入30例ACOS患者(ACOS组)及30例健康者(健康对照组)。记录各组一般情况,检测血常规、肺功能及动脉血氧等指标。收集外周血采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和散射比浊法检测血浆中CRP、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α等炎性细胞因子水平。分析AECOPD与ACOS患者血浆中炎性细胞因子水平的相关性,用于ACOS的鉴别诊断。结果:2组患者血浆中CRP和IL-8水平差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001);IL-8及TNF-α水平在ACOS组显著高于AECOPD组(P<0.05),而IL-10水平在AECOPD组显著高于ACOS组(P<0.05)。结论:血浆炎性细胞因子CRP、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α与气道疾病的严重程度相关,可用作评价AECOPD和ACOS疾病严重程度潜在的标志物。 Objective: To investigate the changes of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) -10, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and asthma and COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) (TNF) -α and other inflammatory cytokines levels of clinical significance. METHODS: Thirty AECOPD patients (AECOPD group) were enrolled from January 2016 to February 2017. A total of 30 ACOS patients (ACOS group) and 30 healthy controls (healthy controls) were enrolled. Record the general situation of each group, test blood, lung function and arterial oxygen and other indicators. Peripheral blood samples were collected for the detection of inflammatory cytokines such as CRP, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nephelometry. Analysis of AECOPD and ACOS patients with plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines for the differential diagnosis of ACOS. The levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in ACOS group were significantly higher than those in AECOPD group (P <0.05), while the levels of IL- 10 in AECOPD group was significantly higher than that in ACOS group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines CRP, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α correlate with the severity of airway diseases and may be used as potential markers for evaluating the severity of AECOPD and ACOS disease.