.PURPOSE: To evaluate macular and nerve fiber layer (NFL)thickness in normal a nd glaucomatous eyes of children 3 to 17 years old using optical coherence tomog raphy (OCT-3).DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. .METHODS: One hundr ed fifty-six eyes of 79 patients were enrolled in this institutional study. Fif ty-two eyes (33.3%) met criteria for glaucoma and 104 (66.7%) were normal. Th ere were 44 female (55.6%) and 35 male (44.3%) subjects whose ages ranged from 3 to 17 years old (mean 9.5 years, standard deviation 3.5 years, median 9 years ). The OCT-3 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California) was used to obtain a fast macular thickness map as well as a fast retinal NFL map of each eye. Data from specific locations around the macula, as well as total macular volume, was analy zed. Similarly, the retinal NFL scan reports average NFL thickness from specific locations around the optic nerve. Data from the superior temporal and inferior temporal sections was analyzed. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant d ifference in macular thickness and NFL thickness when normal eyes were compared against those with glaucoma, in all quadrants studied (all P values ≤.001). Mea n macular volume was 7.01±0.42 mm3 vs 6.57 ±0.85 mm3 for normal vs glaucomatou s eyes, respectively (P< .001). CONCLUSIONS: OCT may prove valuable in the early diagnosis of glaucoma. We have found a difference between normal and glaucomato us eyes in children, similar to that reported in adult studies. Further investig ation of OCT testing in children should be considered. .PURPOSE: To evaluate macular and nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness in normal a nd glaucomatous eyes of children 3 to 17 years old using optical coherence tomog raphy (OCT-3) .DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. .METHODS: One Fifty-six eyes of 79 patients were enrolled in this institutional study. Fifty-two eyes (33.3%) met criteria for glaucoma and 104 (66.7%) were normal. Th ere were 44 female (55.6%) and 35 male (44.3%) subjects Who ages ranged from 3 to 17 years old (mean 9.5 years, standard deviation 3.5 years, median 9 years). The OCT-3 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California) was used to obtain a fast macular thickness map as well as a fast retinal NFL map of each eye. Data from specific locations around the macula, as well as total macular volume, was analy zed. Similarly, the retinal NFL scan reports average NFL thickness from specific locations around the optic nerve. DATA from the superior temporal and inferior temporal sections was analyzed. RESULTS: The re was a measured significant d ifference in macular thickness and NFL thickness when normal eyes were compared against those with glaucoma, in all quadrants studied (all P values ​​≤ 0.001). Maca macular volume was 7.01 ± 0.42 mm3 vs 6.57 ± 0.85 mm3 for normal vs glaucomatous eyes, respectively (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: OCT may prove valuable in the early diagnosis of glaucoma. We have found a difference between normal and glaucomato us eyes in children, similar to that reported in adult studies. Further investigtion of OCT testing in children should be considered.