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我们采用新近研制的仪器对各种弹性材料的杨氏模量的温度依从关系进行了研究。这种仪器是由光学外差法激光干涉仪,滚球滑座装置、一台炉子和热电偶组成,并设计成在拉伸或弯曲应力下,能测量薄的试样。我们研究了用这台仪器的长度测量精度,并证实优于±0.1μm。因此,可测量出其杨氏模量在95%置信度间隔中,具有±3%的精度。从实验结果看,在室温和300℃之间温度范围内,杨氏模量的温度系数可以估算具有±5%的标准偏差。
We have studied the temperature dependence of the Young’s modulus of various elastic materials using newly developed instruments. The instrument consists of an optical heterodyne laser interferometer, ball slide carriage, a furnace and a thermocouple and is designed to measure thin specimens under tension or bending stress. We studied the length measurement accuracy with this instrument and confirmed better than ± 0.1 μm. Therefore, its Young’s modulus can be measured with a precision of ± 3% over a 95% confidence interval. From the experimental results, it is estimated that the temperature coefficient of Young’s modulus can have a standard deviation of ± 5% at a temperature between room temperature and 300 ° C.