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目的 分析莱芜市不同时期麻疹的流行特征 ,探讨加速麻疹控制的措施。方法 对莱芜市 195 4～ 2 0 0 3年麻疹流行病学资料进行分析。结果 自然感染期 (195 4～ 196 6年 )麻疹发病、死亡均居各种传染病之首 ;流行周期 1～ 2年 ;城市发病高于农村 ;发病高峰集中在春季 ,发病人群以学龄前儿童为主。计划免疫期 (1979～ 2 0 0 3年 )麻疹发病、死亡明显下降 ,流行减少 ,以散发为主 ;农村发病高于城市 ;发病季节高峰后移 ,峰值削平 ;发病人群集中在学龄前儿童和成人。结论 由于计划免疫的实施。莱芜市麻疹发病率大幅度下降 ,但仍有散在发生或流行。今后 ,应进一步健全麻疹监测系统 ,调整免疫策略 ,进一步提高免疫覆盖率 ,降低麻疹高发年龄段发病。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in different periods in Laiwu and to explore measures to speed up the measles control. Methods Epidemiological data of measles in 195 ~ 230 years in Laiwu were analyzed. Results During the natural infection period (195 ~ 196 years), the incidence and death of measles were among the first in all kinds of infectious diseases; the epidemic cycle was 1 to 2 years; the incidence in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas; the peak incidence was in spring and the incidence was higher in preschool children Mainly. In the planned immunization period (1979 ~ 2003), the incidence of measles was significantly lower than that in the pre-school children and the prevalence of death was significantly decreased. The epidemic decreased mainly to the predominant ones. The incidence in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. adult. Conclusion Due to the planned immunization. The incidence of measles in Laiwu City dropped significantly, but there are still scattered or epidemic. In the future, the surveillance system for measles should be further improved, the immunization strategy should be adjusted, the coverage of immunization should be further raised, and the incidence of measles-related age-related diseases should be reduced.