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雷蒙德·威廉斯不但批判地接受了以利维斯学派为代表的英国文化批评传统,而且将其与欧洲大陆的马克思主义理论相结合,提出了文化唯物主义理论。文化唯物主义理论抛弃了利维斯学派的精英主义立场,但接受了其理论分析路径与文化批评方法,并试图以马克思主义理论分析文化与社会之间的关系,从而既强调语言的物质性特点,又以此为切入点,将基础与上层建筑这两个具有空间隐喻特点的完全不同的领域有机联系起来,在深入分析文化内部结构层次的基础上理清了文学与社会、权力与日常经验之间的关系。
Raymond Williams not only critically accepted the tradition of British cultural criticism represented by Lewis’ school of thought, but also combined it with the Marxist theory in European continent to put forward the theory of cultural materialism. Cultural materialism abandoned the Levis school’s elitist position, but accepted its theoretical analysis and cultural criticism, and attempted to analyze the relationship between culture and society with Marxist theory so as to emphasize the material characteristics of language , And then take this as the breakthrough point, and organically links the two basic fields with the superstructure, which have the characteristics of spatial metaphor. Based on the in-depth analysis of the internal structure of the culture, the paper divides the literature, society, power and daily experience The relationship between.