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大量电动汽车接入会对电力系统的动态特性(如频率调整)产生明显影响,适当控制电动汽车充放电行为有助于系统对负荷波动做出更快响应并增强系统消纳风电等间歇性可再生能源发电能力。考虑到大量电动汽车分散运行的特性,采用网络化控制比较合适。基于上述考虑,着重研究电动汽车参与系统调频的网络化控制方法,并考查通信延时对系统动态性能甚至稳定性可能产生的负面影响。首先,建立电动汽车参与调频控制的实现模式和架构,发展含有电动汽车和风电模块的闭环负荷频率控制系统框图。之后,基于线性矩阵不等式理论设计了一种最优H∞-PID混合控制方法以保证系统鲁棒性。最后,通过对单区域和双区域系统仿真,证明了所述方法的有效性。
A large number of electric vehicle access will have a significant impact on the dynamic characteristics of the power system (such as frequency adjustment), proper control of electric vehicle charge-discharge behavior can help the system to respond faster to load fluctuations and enhance the system to absorb wind power and other intermittent Renewable energy power generation capacity. Taking into account the characteristics of a large number of decentralized electric vehicles, the use of networked control more appropriate. Based on the above considerations, this paper focuses on the networked control method of EVs involved in system FM, and examines the negative impact that communication delay may have on the system dynamic performance and even stability. First, the establishment of electric vehicles to participate in the realization of FM control mode and structure, the development of electric vehicles and wind power modules, closed-loop load frequency control system block diagram. Then, based on the theory of linear matrix inequality, an optimal H∞-PID hybrid control method is designed to ensure system robustness. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved through the simulation of single-area and dual-area systems.