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目的探讨乙草胺农药对男工精液质量的影响。方法分别选择某农药厂乙草胺生产男工24名为暴露组、厂行政办公区男性工作人员46名为内对照组,另选择某疾控中心男性工作人员22名为外对照组。对各组环境空气中乙草胺及其相关溶剂如甲苯、二甲苯进行连续3 d的监测,同时选择暴露区及外对照区各3人进行连续3 d的个体采样,评价暴露水平;按统一标准收集一次性精液,用WHO推荐的方法和标准对精液质量、精子的形态学进行评价,同时应用计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)系统对精子的运动能力进行分析。结果暴露组空气中乙草胺浓度明显高于内、外对照组(P<0.01),而甲苯、二甲苯浓度差异无显著性(P>0.05),同时个体采样结果也显示暴露组乙草胺浓度显著高于外对照组(P<0.01);暴露组精液量、精子活动度、精子总数和精子平均路径速度(VAP)显著低于外对照组(P<0.05),精液量异常率、精子活动度异常率及精子总畸形和头部畸形发生率均显著高于外对照组(P<0.05),精液pH值显著低于内对照组(P<0.05);内对照组精子活动度显著低于外对照组(P<0.05),精液量及精子活动度异常率显著高于外对照组(P<0.05)。结论职业性接触乙草胺对男工精液质量有一定影响。
Objective To investigate the effects of acetochlor pesticides on the quality of male semen. Methods A total of 24 male workers were selected as pesticide plant acetochlor for exposure group. 46 male workers in the administrative office area were selected as the internal control group, and 22 male workers in a disease control center were selected as the external control group. Acetochlor and its related solvents such as toluene and xylene in ambient air were monitored continuously for 3 days in each group. At the same time, 3 individuals in each exposed area and external control area were selected for sampling for 3 consecutive days to evaluate the exposure level. Standard collection of disposable semen, sperm quality and sperm morphology were evaluated by the methods and standards recommended by the WHO, and the sperm motility was analyzed by the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Results The concentration of acetochlor in the air of the exposed group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01), while the concentrations of toluene and xylene in the exposed group were not significantly different (P> 0.05) (P <0.01). The volume of semen, sperm motility, total number of sperm and spermatozoon average path velocity (VAP) in the exposed group were significantly lower than those in the external contrast group (P <0.05) (P <0.05), and the sperm pH was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The sperm motility of the control group was significantly lower than that of the control group In the external contrast group (P <0.05), the abnormal rate of sperm volume and sperm motility was significantly higher than that of the external contrast group (P <0.05). Conclusion Occupational exposure to acetochlor has some influence on the quality of male semen.