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端粒是真核细胞染色体的末端重复序列,在人类细胞核染色体中以TTAGGG形式串联重复出现,长度约为6~15 kb,其结构包括由数千碱基对组成的双链非编码DNA序列及单链3’末端序列,犹如“帽子”套在每个染色体的末端。端粒的生理功能主要是防止染色体末端融合及降解,避免复制过程中遗传信息丢失,对染色体起保护作用。由于端粒序列GGG含量丰富,容易遭受氧化应激损伤,而传统的DNA聚合酶对端粒的
Telomeres are the terminal repeats of eukaryotic chromosomes and repeat in tandem with TTAGGG in human nucleosomes. The length of the telomere is about 6-15 kb. The structure of the telomere consists of a double-stranded non-coding DNA sequence consisting of thousands of base pairs and Single-stranded 3 ’end sequence, as if the “hat” set at the end of each chromosome. The physiological function of telomeres is mainly to prevent the fusion and degradation of the chromosome ends, to avoid the loss of genetic information in the replication process, play a protective role on chromosomes. Due to the abundance of telomeric sequence GGG, susceptible to oxidative stress injury, while the traditional DNA polymerase on telomere