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目的对新疆某地区不同民族职业人群职业紧张、心理健康状况进行调查,对完善国内职业人群心理健康流行病学资料,为制定针对不同民族的职业人群心理健康的干预措施提供参考。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、工作紧张测量问卷(JSS),对2 000名年龄在18~60岁之间的职业人群进行问卷调查,然后用计学方法对调查结果进行比较分析。结果不同民族人群的职业选择差异有统计学意义(χ2=329.155,P<0.05);该地区职业人群与全国常模相比,在心理健康总分及人际关系敏感、恐怖等因子分中存在统计学差异(P<0.01);分别对抽样整体及各民族职业人群与全国常模进行比较发现,不同民族具有不同程度的统计学差异(P<0.05);且不同民族职业人群心理健康异常检出率也不同(χ2=7.1214,P<0.05);同时,不同民族的职业人群职业紧张程度不同,而职业紧张程度不同的职业人群心理健康状况也有统计学差异(χ2=29.748,P<0.05)。结论不同民族职业人群心理健康、职业紧张状况不同,且随紧张程度的增加,心理反应也逐渐增强。
Objective To investigate the occupational stress and mental health status of occupational groups in different ethnic groups in a certain area in Xinjiang and provide reference for improving the mental health epidemiological data of occupational populations in China and making interventions for the mental health of occupational populations of different nationalities. Methods Questionnaire of Self-rating Symptom Scale (SCL-90) and Work Stress Measurement Questionnaire (JSS) were used to survey 2 000 occupational groups aged 18 to 60 years and then to compare the survey results analysis. Results There were significant differences in career choices among different ethnic groups (χ2 = 329.155, P <0.05). Compared with the national norm, occupational groups in this area had statistics on the total scores of mental health, interpersonal sensitivity and horror (P <0.01). Comparing the whole sample with the national norm and national norm respectively, different nationalities have different degrees of statistical difference (P <0.05), and the mental health abnormalities among occupational groups in different nationalities were detected (Χ2 = 7.1214, P <0.05). At the same time, occupational groups in different ethnic occupations had different occupational stress while occupational stress groups in different occupational groups also had different mental health status (χ2 = 29.748, P <0.05). Conclusions The mental health and occupational stress of occupational groups in different nationalities are different, and with the increase of nervousness, the psychological reactions also gradually increase.